Week+5+--+Communities+and+Ecosystems

//Enduring Knowledge/Global Goals in Italics: Students will understand// // … // (Assessed with Performance tasks and projects) important for students to understand and remember in the far future Educational Objectives/Foundational Knowledge: Students will be able to … (Assessed with traditional quizzes and tests) important for students to understand and remember in the near future Chapter 16: Species Abundance and Diversity Define a community. Express abundance and density of a species. Describe ways to quantify a community’s richness and evenness: Shannon-Wiener, Rank Abundance. Recognize that increased environmental complexity can influence species diversity. Chapter 17: Species Interactions and Community Structure //How to define a species role in a community based on food preference.// Construct a food chain and food web. Identify food web interactions that are stronger than others. //How species can have unequal roles in structuring a community.// Distinguish between keystone and dominant species. Describe an example of when a keystone species has been a mutualist or predator. Predict effects that invasive species can have on community structure. Chapter 18: Primary Production and Energy Flow //The energy inputs and outputs of an ecosystem.// Recall the Second Law of Thermodynamics. List the different trophic levels and identify their relative sizes. Describe the different forms of energy for each trophic level and where they come from. Explain how energy transfer affects community structure: less energy at higher trophic levels. Describe under what conditions primary productivity can be limited by temperature, moisture, nutrient availability and how it is influenced by predation and herbivory in both a positive and negative manner. Define what evapotranspiration is and describe how it affects microclimates. Chapter 19: Nutrient Cycling and Retention //The connection/alteration of biotic factors by abiotic factors and vice versa.// Recall the Law of Conservation of Matter. Draw phosphorous, nitrogen, carbon, and oxygen cycles and label both the reservoirs as well as the processes that transfer matter between reservoirs. Compare nutrient cycling in terrestrial and aquatic habitats. Recognize the effects of diversity on nutrient cycling. Define the Gaia Hypothesis, identify its main arguments and illustrate these arguments with examples from the text. Chapter 20: Succession and Stability //The underlying theory for how succession occurs and why.// Distinguish primary from secondary succession. Describe how succession affects abiotic conditions in an ecosystem. Compare and contrast the three main models for succession Define stability, resistance, and resilience with regards to disturbance and describe the effects they have on diversity. Abundance and density **to** distribution (uniform, random, clumped) Env. Complexity affecting diversity **to** Niches Community structure **to** competitive exclusion **to** invasive species Evapotranspiration **to** microclimate **to** Gaia hypothesis Pioneer species **to** r vs. K species
 * Week 5: Communities and Ecosystems **
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